Rinse the lamb shanks under cold water and pat dry.
Heat olive oil in a large pot over medium heat.
You can skip this part or sear the lamb shanks on all sides until browned. Remove and set aside.
In the same pot, add sliced onions with turmeric and black pepper and cook until softened and golden.
Return the lamb shanks to the pot with the onions.
Add 1 litter of water, 2 teaspoons off tomato paste, whole head of garlic, and the butter.
Skim off any foam that forms on the surface of the liquid as it starts to boil.
Once it comes to a boil, reduce heat to low and simmer for about 3 hours or until the meat is tender.
In a small bowl, dissolve saffron threads in a tablespoon of warm water and set aside.
In the last hour of cooking, add the saffron mixture, cinnamon stick, pomegranate molasses and salt.
Cook for another hour, allowing the flavors to meld together.
Remove the lamb shanks from the pot and serve with the aromatic cooking liquid.